Unoziva here kuti ndeapi masisitimu ari muGNSS?

Pfungwa shanu dzisiri dzechokwadi pamusoro Gnss (Masisitimu eSatellite Ekufamba Pasi Pose)

❌ GNSS uye MaGP zvakafanana.

✅ GPS ndeimwe yenzira dzakawanda dzeGNSS; GNSS izwi rakakura rinosanganisira nzira dzese dzekufamba nesatellite pasi rose.

❌ GNSS inobatsira chete pakufambisa.

✅ GNSS inokoshawo pakuita nguva chaiyo mukutaurirana, kubhangi, magetsi nezvimwe zvakawanda.

❌ Unoda internet connection kuti ushandise GNSS.

✅ GNSS Mugamuchiris inoshanda yakazvimiririra kubva paInternet, kunze kwekunge paine kugadziriswa kunodiwa kuti data rinyatsojeka.

❌ Zviratidzo zveGNSS zvinowanikwa chero kupi zvako pasi penyika, kunyangwe pasi pevhu, uye zvakasimba uye zviri nyore kuona.

✅ Zviratidzo zveGNSS hazvina simba uye zvinogona kuvharwa zviri nyore nezvipingamupinyi zvakaita sezvivakwa, matuneru, miti, mashizha akawandisa, kana mamiriro ekunze.

❌ GNSS haigone kushandiswa muchadenga.

✅ GNSS inoshandiswa pakufamba kunyangwe muLow Earth Orbit (LEO) yezvombo zvemuchadenga nemasetiraiti.

Masisitimu eSatellite eKufamba Pasi Pose (GNSS) akachinja nzira yatinofamba nayo uye yatinofamba nayo panyika. Masisitimu aya ave chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva, kubva pakutitungamira parwendo rwemumugwagwa kusvika pakutibatsira kuwana nzira yedu panguva yemabasa ekunze. Asi masisitimu aya anoshanda sei, uye ndeapi masisitimu matanhatu makuru eGNSS anotsigira tekinoroji yedu yekufamba?

Kuti unzwisise mashandiro eGNSS system, unofanirwa kunzwisisa misimboti yekutanga iri shure kwayo. GNSS systems dzinopa masevhisi ekuisa, kufamba uye nguva kune vashandisi pasi rese kuburikidza nekushandisa satellite networks. Aya masatellite anogara achitumira masaini anogona kugamuchirwa neGNSS receivers, zvichivabvumira kuverenga nzvimbo chaiyo yavari paPasi.

Masisitimu matanhatu makuru eGNSS ndeanoti GPS yeUnited States (Global Positioning System), GLONASS yeRussia (Global Navigation Satellite System), Galileo yeEuropean Union, Beidou yeChina, NavIC yeIndia neQZSS (Quasi Zenith Satellite System) inobva kuJapan. Imwe neimwe yemasisitimu aya inoshanda ichishandisa misimboti yakafanana asi ine zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana uye kugona.

GPS ndiyo system inozivikanwa zvikuru yeGNSS uye ine masateliti makumi maviri nemana anotenderera pasi. Zviratidzo zvinoburitswa nemasateliti aya zvinogona kugamuchirwa neGPS receiver kuti ione nzvimbo yemushandisi, kumhanya uye nguva. Iyo GLONASS yakagadzirwa muRussia inotevera musimboti wakafanana asi ine masateliti makumi maviri nemana. Galileo ndiyo system yeGNSS yeEuropean Union, yakagadzirirwa kupa masisitimu ekuisa nzvimbo akazvimiririra uye akanyatsojeka ekushandiswa nevanhuwo zvavo nemauto.

Sisitimu yeBeidou yeChina ine masateraiti makumi matatu nemashanu ane nzvimbo yepasi rose uye yakagadzirirwa kupa mabasa ekufambisa, kurima uye kubatsira panjodzi. Sisitimu yeNavIC yeIndia ine masateraiti manomwe, ayo chinangwa chikuru ndechekupa masevhisi ekuisa nzvimbo akakodzera muIndia nenzvimbo dzakapoteredza. Chekupedzisira, sisitimu yeQZSS yeJapan yakagadzirirwa kuvandudza kururama uye kuvimbika kweGPS munharaunda yeAsia-Oceania nekushandisa musanganiswa wemasateraiti egeostationary netilt.

Masisitimu matanhatu aya eGNSS anoshanda nekutumira zviratidzo kubva kumasatellite avo kuenda kumaGNSS anogamuchira ari pasi. Mugamuchiri anoshandisa zviratidzo kubva kumasatellite akawanda kuverenga nzvimbo dzawo chaidzo kuburikidza nenzira inonzi trilateration. Nekuyera nguva inotora kuti zviratidzo zvifambe kubva kumasatellite kuenda kumugamuchiri, mugamuchiri anogona kuona daro rayo kubva kusatellite yega yega uye kuita triangulation panzvimbo yayo paPasi.

Pamusoro pekupa masevhisi ekuisa nzvimbo uye kufambisa, masisitimu eGNSS anoitawo basa rakakosha mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana akadai sendege, kurima, kuongorora nekutaurirana. Anogonesa kuwiriranisa nguva chaiyo yenetwork dzekutaurirana, anorerutsa nzira dzekurima dzinoshanda kuburikidza nekurima kwakarurama, uye anotsigira kufamba kwakachengeteka uye kwakarurama kwendege nengarava.

Muchidimbu, masisitimu matanhatu makuru eGNSS—GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, Beidou, NavIC, uye QZSS—akachinja nzira yatinofamba nayo uye yatinozvimisa nayo paNyika. Masisitimu aya anoshanda nekushandisa network dzesatellite kutumira zviratidzo kune vanogamuchira veGNSS, zvichibvumira vashandisi kuona nzvimbo yavo chaiyo, kumhanya uye nguva. Sezvo tekinoroji ichiramba ichifambira mberi, masisitimu eGNSS achaita basa rakakosha mukuumba remangwana remasevhisi ekufambisa nekuisa nzvimbo pasi rose.