Kukwira kweNharembozha Dzakabatana Nesaiti (Satellite Internet of Things) Kunorevei paKugadzirwa kweAntenna yeTerminal?
Kukwira kwetekinoroji yesatellite-to-mobile (Satellite IoT) kunomiririra budiriro huru mutekinoroji yekutaurirana. Nekubatanidza network dzechinyakare dzepasi rese nenetwork dzesatellite, zvinoita kuti "ifukidzwe zvizere." Izvi zvinopa matambudziko asina kumboitika kune terminal. kanyanga kugadzira uye kuvhura nzira itsva dzekuvandudza tekinoroji. Izvi zvinoreva kuti:
1. Dambudziko Guru reKugadzira MaAntena: Kuenzana Kwakanyanya kwe "Multi-Frequency, Multi-Mode, High-Performance, uye Compact Size"
Kuenderana kweFrequency Band: Maantenna eterminal anofanirwa kutsigira mabhendi ese echinyakare efoni (semuenzaniso, 4G/5G Sub-6GHz) uye mabhendi ekutaurirana nesatellite (semuenzaniso, L-band, S-band, kana kunyange Ka/Ku-band). Izvi zvinoda kuti antenna ive ne frequency yakafara zvikuru.
Kugadziriswa kweModhi: Antena inofanira kuchinja nekuchenjera pakati pe "Ground Mode" ne "Satellite Mode". MuGround Mode, inofanira kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekumhanya zvakanyanya uye zvishoma nezvishoma. MuSatellite Mode, inofanira kubata kurasikirwa kwenzira yepamusoro, Doppler shift, uye alignment yesatellite (kunyanya kune masatellite asiri geostationary orbit).
Kuchinjana kwehukuru hwekushanda: Satellite links dzinoda maantenna ane simba nekuda kwedaro rawo refu uye masaini asina simba. Zvisinei, zvipingamupinyi zvehukuru hwemidziyo yakaita semafoni zvinodzivirira kushandiswa kwemaantenna ekare eparabolic. Kuwana simba rakawanda mukati menzvimbo diki kuchiri dambudziko guru.
| Kukura Kwemhedzisiro | Zvinodiwa Zvakananga | Chiratidzo cheData |
| Kuchinjika kweBhendi | Tsigira kutaurirana kwesatellite kwemabhendi akawanda (L/S/C/X/Ku band) uye inoenderana nemabhendi ekutaurirana epasi rose (5G/4G) | Kufukidzwa kwebhendi resatellite: 1.5-18GHz; Mwero wekuenderana kwebhendi repasi ≥ 95% |
| Kugadzira zvinhu zvishoma uye kubatanidzwa | Ziva kugara pamwe chete kweantenna yesatellite uye antenna yakavakirwa mukati mefoni (semuenzaniso, antenna yefoni, Wi-Fi antenna) pasina kuwedzera vhoriyamu yeterminal | Saizi yeAntena: ≤ 800mm² (yefoni yefoni); Kuwanda kwekubatanidza: ≥ antenna 6 munzvimbo ye10cm² |
| Kuwana & Kutungamira | Chengetedza kugamuchira masaini kwakasimba mukona yakaderera (≤ 10°) mamiriro ekutaurirana nesatellite | Kuwedzera kweAntena: ≥ 5dBi (L band); Chiyero chemberi neshure: ≥ 15dB |
| Kushanda kwekudzivirira kupindira | Dzivisa kukanganiswa nezviratidzo zvemagetsi zvepasirese uye kutaura kwezviratidzo zvepakati pesatellite | Kurambwa kwekupinda: ≥ 20dB; Bit error rate (BER): ≤ 1×10⁻⁶ pa -120dBm simba rechiratidzo |
| Kugadzirisa Kushandiswa Kwesimba | Deredza kushandiswa kwesimba reantenna kuti uwedzere nguva yekumira kweterminal mumodhi yekutaurirana nesatellite | Kushandiswa kwemagetsi eAntena: ≤ 50mA; Kushandiswa kwesimba rakamira: ≤ 5mA |
2.Kutungamira kwekushanduka kwetekinoroji huru
Antena yeBeamforming ine Hungwaru uye Phased Array:
Nzira huru mune ramangwana ndeyekubatanidza ma antenna akawanda muma phased array antennas, ayo anogona kuteedzera ma satellite otomatiki kuburikidza ne electronic scanning pasina kutenderera kwemuviri. Izvi zvakakosha pakubatanidza ma satellite anofamba nekukurumidza ane low-orbit (akadai se Starlink ne StarNet).
Dambudziko guru riri mukubatanidza maRF front-end arrays akaomarara (kusanganisira phase shifters uye power feed networks) muma terminals akatetepa zvikuru uku uchidzora mashandisirwo emagetsi nemari.
Zvishandiso uye Kuvandudzwa Kwemaumbirwo:
Kushanda zvakanaka kweantenna kunovandudzwa uye saizi inoderedzwa nekushandisa antenna ye dielectric resonator, magnetic material kana metamaterial.
Muchimiro, tinoongorora maantenna anogona kugadziriswazve (kuchinja hunhu hwe resonance kuburikidza nema switch), maantenna anopetwa (tichishandisa ma screen boundaries kana ma phone frames sema radiator), uye madhizaini ekubatanidza ma antenna akawanda (kugovana satellite, Wi-Fi, uye MaGP antenna).
Magadzirirwo Akangwara uye Kubatanidzwa Kwemasisitimu:
Kushanda kwemaAntena hakungobvi pamidziyo chete asiwo pamaitiro ekuchenjera (akadai seAI-driven beam management uye adaptive tuning) kuti pave nebudiriro yakanaka uye pave nekuchinjana kwezvinhu zvakaita se handheld pose uye zvipingamupinyi.
Antena, RF front-end, uye baseband chip zvinoda dhizaini yakadzama yekushandira pamwe kuti zvibudirire kubva pakutanga kusvika pakupedzisira.
3.Mhedzisiro paMagadzirirwo Ezvinhu Mumaindasitiri
Muganho wekugadzira wakawedzerwa zvakanyanya: vagadziri vemaantenna vanofanirwa kugona kutaurirana kwesatellite nefoni, uku vachiramba vachishanda pamwe chete nevatengesi vemachipisi, vagadziri vemidziyo, uye vashandisi vesatellite.
Kuoma kwekuyedza kuri kuwedzera: kunoda kuyedzwa mumatanho esatellite akaedzwa (akadai sekufamba nekukurumidza kwemasatellite ane low-orbit) uye munzvimbo dzakaoma dzepasi, izvo zvinoisa zvinodiwa zvitsva zve darkroom, zvishandiso zvekuyedza uye maprotocol.
Kuchinjana pakati pemutengo nekupinda mumusika: Kunyange zvazvo mamodheru emhando yepamusoro anogona kutanga aine mamodheru esatellite antenna akazvimiririra, kudzikiswa kwemitengo kwenguva refu uye kuvandudzwa kwesimba remagetsi kuburikidza nekubatanidzwa kwakadzika zvakakosha kuti zvishandiswe nevanhu vakawanda mumidziyo yemhando yepamusoro kusvika yakaderera.
4Maonero Eramangwana
Kushanduka-shanduka zvishoma nezvishoma:
Kwenguva pfupi: Sisitimu iyi inonyanya kutsigira masevhisi ekumhanya kwakaderera senge mameseji mapfupi eBeidou neSMS yekukurumidzira, nemagadzirirwo eantenna ari nyore (semuenzaniso, maantenna anoiswa pamusoro).
Pakati nepakati: Inotsigira manzwi uye mwero wedata uri pakati nepakati, ne antenna dzinobuda kana zvishandiso zvekunze semhinduro dzekuchinja.
Kuona kwenguva refu: Broadband inokurumidza uye masisitimu e antenna akangwara akabatanidzwa zvakajeka zvichave zvakajairika, zvichibvumira kuchinjana pakati pe network dzepasireseti nedzepasi kune vashandisi.
Materminal matsva echizvarwa chitsva: Kupfuura mafoni, zvinopfekwa, zvishandiso zviri mumota, uye masensa eIoT zvese zvichave nekubatana zvakananga nesatellite, zvichikonzera magadzirirwo emaantenna akagadzirwa akagadzirwa.